The HistoryBackend consists of a number of components:  

HistoryDatabase

ArchivedDatabase

      (this does not store visit segments as they expire after 3 months)

TextDatabaseManager

ExpireHistoryBackend

 

Static ConstantValue 
Segment Data Retention90 daysHow long Chrome keeps segment data for in days.  Currently 3 months.
Commit Interval Seconds10 secondsHow long Chrome waits to do a commit, so that things are batched together.
Favicon Refetch Days7 daysThe amount of time before Chrome re-fetches the favicon.
Archive Days Threshold90 daysThe number of days old a history entry can be before it is considered "old" and is archived.